Educational Equality Among China's Minorities     

Julia Kwong  Hong Xiao 《比较教育学》1989,25(2):229-243

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The educational approach within Colombia's nutrition plan (PAN)     

Julia Mejia De Pizano 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1980,26(1):17-29

With the knowledge that malnutrition affects the quality of life of an individual, the Colombian Government set up in 1976 a unique multi-sectorial plan (PAN), to combat the country's serious malnutrition. Government agencies and private industries in the sectors of production, distribution, health, sanitation, and education have coordinated their previously independent efforts. Among the interesting aspects are the coordination of sectors through work at various levels and through control of the budget, the limitation of bureaucracy, and the decentralization of decision-making. The ongoing attempts to overcome the difficulties encountered include making decisions in the face of inconclusive knowledge on what constitutes a well-balanced diet; combating the lack of knowledge of professionals about the environment of the poorest percentage of the population; and revising the traditional teaching method to make it more successful through a multi-media approach to assure wider coverage and more impact for the least cost, using materials such as games, puppets, posters and radio.

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Zusammenfassung In der Erkenntnis, dass Untererernährung die Lebensqualität des Menschen beeinträchtigt, erstellte die kolumbianische Regierung im Jahre 1976 einen einzigartigen, mehrere Sektoren umfassenden Plan (Pan), um die schwerwiegende Unterernährung im Lande zu bekämpfen. Gemäss diesem Plan werden jetzt die früher zerstreuten Bemühungen von Behörden und privaten Industrieunternehmen auf den Sektoren Produktion, Verteilung, Gesundheit, Kanalisation und Erziehung koordiniert. Zu den interessantesten Aspekten gehören die Koordinierung von Sektoren durch Arbeit auf verschiedenen Ebenen sowie durch Kontrolle der Etats, die Beschränkung der Bürokratie und die Dezentralisierung von Entscheidungsbefugnissen. Unter den Versuchen, die bestehenden Schwierigkeiten zu überwinden, werden hervorgehoben: Entscheidungen angesichts unzureichenden Verständnisses von ausgewogener Ernährung; Bekämpfung des Mangels an Kenntnissen von Umweltspezialisten über den ärmsten Teil der Bevölkerung; und Revision der traditionellen Lehrmethoden mit dem Ziel, sie durch Einführung eines Multi-Medienansatzes, d.h. durch den Gebrauch von Spielen, Marionetten, Plakaten und Radio erfolgreicher zu gestalten.

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Résumé Conscient du fait que la sous-alimentation affecte la qualité de vie d'un individu, le Gouvernement colombien a appliqué en 1976 un plan unique à secteurs multiples (PAN) dont le but est de combattre la sérieuse sousalimentation du pays. Les agences gouvernementales et les industries privées appartenant aux secteurs de la production, de la distribution, de la santé, de l'hygiène et de l'éducation coordonnent désormais leurs efforts précédemment dispersés. Parmi les aspects intéressants de ce plan, on relève la coordination des secteurs tant au moyen du travail à différents niveaux que du contrôle du budget, la limitation de la bureaucratie et la décentralisation de la prise de décision. Les efforts qui se poursuivent dans l'intention de venir à bout des difficultés rencontrées visent à prendre des décisions malgré les connaissances nonconcluantes de ce qui constitue un régime bien équilibré; à combattre le manque de connaissance des professionnels sur l'environnement du pourcentage le plus pauvre de la population; à réviser la méthode d'enseignement traditionnel en utilisant des moyens d'approche par multimedia, ceci afin d'assurer une plus grande couverture de la population, avec un impact supérieur, et ce au moindre prix, en utilisant comme matériel des jeux, des marionnettes, des affiches illustrées ainsi que la radio.

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Concentration and Purification of Yacon?(Smallanthus sonchifolius) Root Fructooligosaccharides?Using Membrane Technology     

Maria Julia Ledur Alles  Isabel Cristina Tessaro  Caciano Pelayo Zapata Nore?a 《Food Technology and Biotechnology》2015,53(2):190-200

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Direct and Indirect Effects of Involvement on Hostile Media Perceptions in the Context of the Refugee Crisis in Germany and Switzerland     

Dorothee Arlt  Caroline Dalmus  Julia Metag 《Mass Communication and Society》2019,22(2):171-195

This article examines hostile media perceptions (HMPs) by building on recent trends in hostile media research. Our study considers the effects of people’s cognitive as well as their affective involvement on HMPs. As the media landscape has changed fundamentally since HMPs were initially identified, the role of social media is explored more profoundly. In addition, this article not only examines the direct effects of involvement and communication activities but tests for indirect effects of involvement mediated through media use and interpersonal discussions. Using data simultaneously collected from two online surveys conducted in Germany and the German-speaking part of Switzerland, the findings strengthen previous evidence that affective involvement is a stronger predictor of HMPs than cognitive involvement. In contrast, media use and interpersonal discussions had only marginal direct effects. The study provides initial evidence for the indirect effects of involvement mediated through exposure to online user comments and interpersonal discussions.  相似文献   

New insights into family learning for refugees: bonding,bridging and building transcultural capital     

Julia Hope 《Literacy》2011,45(2):91-97

For over 20 years, researchers and evaluators worldwide have criticised the traditional formula of family learning courses for their narrow vision, and have emphasised their potential to provide a bridge between home and school experiences, building on resources that parents already have, but which are unknown or unacknowledged. This article argues that research into family learning can usefully be linked to Bourdieu's theory of ‘symbolic capitals’ to acknowledge the stores of wealth that refugee families may possess, which can be activated in the new environment to create ‘transcultural capital’– a relatively new concept in the area of migration studies. Putnam's notions of bonding and bridging capital are also helpful in the design of family learning programmes to consider how best to stimulate social cohesion at the present time. An ethnographic study of a family learning course for refugee parents in two South London schools highlights the need for an understanding of the specific strengths and needs of refugee parents. However, this can only be achieved by taking time to find out about their existing networks, the experience that they bring with them, involving them in course design and delivery, and engaging in discussion about their plans for the future.  相似文献   

Increasing Parent Involvement Among Head Start Families: A Randomized Control Group Study     

Kendall Jeffries DeLoatche  Kathy L. Bradley-Klug  Julia Ogg  Jeffrey D. Kromrey  Ashley N. Sundman-Wheat 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2015,43(4):271-279

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Infant vocalizing and phenotypic outcomes in autism: Evidence from the first 2 years     

Samantha Plate  Lisa Yankowitz  Leslie Resorla  Meghan R. Swanson  Shoba Sreenath Meera  Annette Estes  Natasha Marrus  Meredith Cola  Victoria Petrulla  Aubrey Faggen  Juhi Pandey  Sarah Paterson  John R. Pruett Jr.  Heather Hazlett  Stephen Dager  Tanya St. John  Kelly Botteron  Lonnie Zwaigenbaum  Joseph Piven  Robert T. Schultz  Julia Parish-Morris  IBIS Network 《Child development》2022,93(2):468-483

Infant vocalizations are early-emerging communicative markers shown to be atypical in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but few longitudinal, prospective studies exist. In this study, 23,850 infant vocalizations from infants at low (LR)- and high (HR)-risk for ASD (HR-ASD = 23, female = 3; HR-Neg = 35, female = 13; LR = 32, female = 10; 80% White; collected from 2007 to 2017 near Philadelphia) were analyzed at 6, 12, and 24 months. At 12 months, HR-ASD infants produced fewer vocalizations than HR-Neg infants. From 6 to 24 months, HR-Neg infants demonstrated steeper vocalization growth compared to HR-ASD and LR infants. Finally, among HR infants, vocalizing at 12 months was associated with language, social phenotype, and diagnosis at age 2. Infant vocalizing is an objective behavioral marker that could facilitate earlier detection of ASD.  相似文献   

Interdisciplinary approaches to literacy and development     

Julia Preece 《Compare》2010,40(5):676-677

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Age and sex influences on running mechanics and coordination variability     

Katherine A. Boyer  Julia Freedman Silvernail  Joseph Hamill 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(22):2225-2231

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of age on running mechanics separately for male and female runners and to quantify sex differences in running mechanics and coordination variability for older runners. Kinematics and kinetics were captured for 20 younger (10 male) and 20 older (10 male) adults running overground at 3.5 m · s^?1. A modified vector coding technique was used to calculate segment coordination variability. Lower extremity joint angles, moments and segment coordination variability were compared between age and sex groups. Significant sex–age interaction effects were found for heel-strike hip flexion and ankle in/eversion angles and peak ankle dorsiflexion angle. In older adults, mid-stance knee flexion angle, ankle inversion and abduction moments and hip abduction and external rotation moments differed by sex. Older compared with younger females had reduced coordination variability in the thigh–shank transverse plane couple but greater coordination variability for the shank rotation–foot eversion couple in early stance. These results suggest there may be a non-equivalent aging process in the movement mechanics for males and females. The age and sex differences in running mechanics and coordination variability highlight the need for sex-based analyses for future studies examining injury risk with age.  相似文献   

Writing week-journals to improve the writing quality of fourth-graders’ compositions     

Pedro Rosário  Julia Högemann  José Carlos Núñez  Guillermo Vallejo  Jennifer Cunha  Vera Oliveira  Sonia Fuentes  Celestino Rodrigues 《Reading and writing》2017,30(5):1009-1032

Students’ writing problems are a global educational concern and is in need of particular attention. This study aims to examine the impact of providing extra writing opportunities (i.e., writing journals) on the quality of writing compositions. A longitudinal cluster-randomized controlled design using a multilevel modeling analysis with 182 fourth grade students was conducted. We examined whether students’ writing quality differed when writing journals on a weekly basis for 12 weeks, compared with a control group. Three covariates were analyzed, namely: (i) the students’ attitudes towards writing; (ii) their self-efficacy in writing; (iii) and their use of self-regulation (SRL) strategies while writing. Findings have shown that students who wrote week-journals significantly improved the writing quality of their compositions and reported a higher use of SRL strategies in writing. Nevertheless, self-efficacy and attitude towards writing were found to not be related to the quality of the compositions. Moreover, data indicated that the writing quality of compositions improved along with the writing quality of the week-journals. Findings suggest the use of week-journals in class to promote writing.  相似文献